Lymphoma refers to a form of tumor caused by the immune system, involving abnormal activity of lymphocytes, the cells of the body, which belongs to the lymphatic system. Lymphocytes are born at the level of bone marrow and their main role inside the body is to identify antigens (foreign bodies, which are destructive of the organism) and starts the activity of the immune system, called the attack the identified antigens. However, in the case of patients with lymphoma, cells of the lymphatic system compromised and start acting like the cancer cells. Thus, the emergence of lymphoma primarily inappropriate activity of the lymphatic system, an unusually fast pace by lymphocytes and settling in different areas of the body.
There are two types of lymphoid cells involved in the cause of the characteristic of lymphoma: ' B ' and 'T ' Th2 lymphocytes (commonly referred to as b and t cells). The main action b cells produce antibodies, the nature of the protein, which fight against antigens. T cells (born on the level of the thymus gland) assistance activity b cells, maintaining and strengthening their activities.
According to the type of cells which are involved in causing the disease and the rate of progression of different forms of lymphoma. There are two main types of lymphoma: Hodgkin's Lymphoma (also known as Hodgkin's disease) and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. These two main types can be further classified into several subtypes. Hodgkin disease is characterized by the consequences of the so-called "double-eyed cells" in the cause of the disease. All other varieties of lymphoma, which do not share this feature are known as Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma includes over 25 types, classified according to speed growth and severity of the disease. The different subtypes of lymphoma affect genetic abnormalities, bear the name of the primary mutations. Some of these mutations are responsible for activation of the disease, while others are responsible for maintaining its progression.
Very common is follicular Lymphoma lymphoma subtype. This variety lymphoma is slow progress and the alternatives between periods of remission and periods of relapse. In most cases, follicular lymphoma is caused by a specific genetic mutation that affects the b lymphocytes. The mutation causes the overproduction of BCL2 protein, a type of protein that stimulates the excessive accumulation of b cells, which will act as the cancer cells.
Other common Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is the diffusion of the large cell lymphoma. This variety is moving faster and may also come from slower intermediate lymphoma subtype. Diffuse lymphoma cells requires immediate treatment; otherwise, the disease can become life-threatening in a very short time. The most effective form of treatment consists of chemotherapy. Although most patients with diffuse lymphoma cells, the repetition of the experience of the second course of strong chemotherapy is usually effective in the treatment of relapsed cases.
Burkitt's lymphoma is a fast evolving the subtype of a malignant tumor that occurs due to the unique genetic anomaly. This variety Lymphoma requires immediate medical care, and includes the poor life of patients. When chemotherapy is not sufficient for the treatment of patients with Burkitt's lymphoma, combination treatment with immunosupressants can help alleviate symptoms and to slow down the pace of growth.
Unlike the B-cell lymphomas, T-cell lymphomas are rare, and account for about 20 percent of all Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in General. T-cell lymphomas are advancing quickly, and often involve the skin of the body. Together with Hodgkin's disease, T-cell lymphoma raises serious questions in diagnosis and treatment. This is due to poor understanding of the causes and development of the disease, medical scientists is missing the final medical data. Medical scientists, however, I hope to demonstrate the characteristic pattern of the exact origin and evolution of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma T-cell and Hodgkin's disease with a view to developing effective treatment in the near future.
No comments:
Post a Comment